Presenter: Ashneet Kaur

Topic: A Meta-Analysis of Cytokine/Chemokine Profiles Induced by SARS-COV2 and Other Viral Infections

Professors:

• Dr. Krish Krishnan, Committee Chair
• Dr. Cory Brooks
• Dr. Rory Telemeco

Date: October 9, 2023

Time: 12:30

Location: Science I Room 300

Department of Biology California State University, Fresno

See attached flyer: Kaur, Ashneet Exit Seminar 10-9-23

Abstract:

Cytokines and chemokines are small protein molecules with pivotal roles in diverse biological activities, encompassing intercellular signaling, cell proliferation, differentiation, endocrine functions, and the orchestration of inflammatory responses.

These molecules are integral to activating the host immune system against viral and bacterial infections. The immune response elicited by cytokines hinges on precisely regulated production, maintaining equilibrium between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

However, in some instances, the production of cytokines becomes excessive or dysregulated, leading to a phenomenon known as the cytokine storm.

This phenomenon has gained particular attention in the context of novel viral infections like SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), where it has been implicated as a major contributor to the severity of illness and increased morbidity and mortality.

This research endeavors to deepen our understanding of the intricate relationship between viruses, the cytokine and chemokine responses they trigger within the host, and the occurrence of cytokine storms.

To achieve this, a meta-analysis bioinformatics approach was adopted, utilizing the databases of two reputable sources: PubMed and Luminex Publications.

Comprehensive data on cytokines and chemokines, collected from previous studies on various viral infections, formed the foundation of this investigation.

The data and rigorous statistical analyses were meticulously processed using R and R Studio software.

The analysis culled insights from over 200 datasets, aiming to elucidate the patterns of upregulation and downregulation of cytokines and chemokines released in response to viral infections, thereby shedding light on the cytokine storm phenomenon.

Moreover, the research delved into the cytokine profiles to establish connections between specific virus types and the cytokine profiles triggered by the host immune system.

By examining the variations in cytokine responses across different viruses, the study sought to uncover the unique roles played by individual cytokines and chemokines in the progression of diseases caused by these viruses.

This multi-faceted approach not only contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between viruses and the host immune system but also holds the potential to inform the development of targeted therapeutic interventions to mitigate the cytokine storm and its associated complications in viral infections.